"no news is good news"

The title above is meant to justify my absence from this blog. I have not been blogging elsewhere, and though there was a lot to blog about, I just didn't have the time.

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I wonder (a little) about how 9/11 was remembered today. I didn't see any coverage of special ceremonies or other acts of commemorating the historic event that certainly changed lives -- at least on the news programs I watched.

Food for thought for the day:

How has 9/11 changed media coverage?

How would peace journalists have covered 9/11?

How can peace journalism prevent another 9/11?

life happened

It's been a while since the last post, and I have no real excuse except this: life happened.

Since the previous post, and as of this writing, a number of issues have cropped up involving the media. Indeed, as long as press freedom is curtailed in any way, the media will continue to be beset with issues.

As such, what I might post on these issues may very well be anticlimactic or even irrelevant at this point.

So, life goes on.

burmese blogger sentenced

It was a first for the Burmese blogosphere: on November 10, the military junta sentenced a blogger, Nay Phone Latt.

According to a report by Mizzima, the blogger, who was arrested earlier this year, was sentenced to more than 20 years. The bulk of this sentence was for violating the Electronics Act.

The 2007 Annual Worldwide Press Freedom Index of Reportiers sans frontieres (Reporters without Borders) ranked Burma 164th out of 168 countries for both 2006 and 2007.

Also notable in the 2007 index is the observation of "serious, repeated violations of the free flow of online news and information." RSF says that 64 people around the world have been sentenced for something they have posted on the Internet.

In Burma, though the number of blogs is still very limited -- perhaps only 200, by one Burmese national's estimate -- outside the country, there are more.

With the junta monitoring and restricting Internet usage in Burma, it is a wonder that bloggers like Nay Phone Latt are even able to maintain a blog. An Internet Law has been in place in the country from as early as 2000.

According to Burmese nationals, the government server bans even free email sites like Gmail, Yahoo, and Hotmail.

Click here for the full story on Nay Phone Latt.

self, identity, existence

Everyone has a story to tell.

Maybe my college friend, poet Ralph Semino Galan, was right when he said -- with apologies to René Descartes -- "I write, therefore I am."

Now, millions of people find their own little nook in cyberspace to tell their stories, assert their identities, define their existence. Their mantra -- again, apologies to Descartes, and also now to Ralph -- "I blog, therefore I am."

Blogging is different things to different people: a liberating experience, an exercise in democracy, and for some, a ritual for healing and self-expression. But as all these -- by no means a definitive list, I'm sure -- does blogging define us? Has it become a measure of identity and existence?

I ask this each time I have the urge to blog. The precious minutes of downtime that can be used for rest or study, I blog away. Not necessarily here, as I have more than one blog, as many bloggers do. The point is that we have associated ourselves so much with our blogs and with the act (and art) of blogging that to some, it is utterly unthinkable not to blog.

Of course, we are bigger than our blogs, our blog topics, and even blogosphere in general. The snippets of life that we manage to capture and note down, recorded in cyberspace -- virtual air, a system of 1's and 0's -- are precious, fleeting, and almost ethereal. But that's all they are: snippets. Life is too big to be encapsulated in a blog. It is too simple to be rendered as code, and too complex to be confined to bytes.

Simply put, a blog may be proof of one's existence -- not unlike a composer being remembered for his music or a painter being known for her art. Seen in this way, we are not only what we blog -- we are when we blog. We are as good as our blogs, with blog stats as our yardstick. We measure our worth by the number of blogs and sites linked to us. Badges and widgets, we wear with pride.

What then, if we are unable to maintain our blogs? Abandoned blogs -- are they like the "old, abandoned shells" in Antoine de Saint-Exupery's The Little Prince? The prince said there's nothing sad about old, abandoned shells. Can the same be said for abandoned blogs?

What happens to a blog or a site when its owner passes away? Julia Campbell's blog and the MySpace and FaceBook sites of the Virginia Tech students killed last April -- these are indelible proof of lives now gone. They're all that's left of a measure of space-time once spent on this earth. And for us who never knew them, they're desperate ways of connecting, getting to know, and paying tribute.

All this is a long way of saying that this blog may end up like theirs -- abandoned, for a time, as I give up blogging. At least while I work on completing my Master's Project -- which, again, is just another piece of who I am, proof of a facet or phase of my life as MA student.

I may use this blog to take note of my research... but only if time will allow it.

Everyone has a story to tell. And I have a story to write.

the new battleground

The Internet seems to have become a new battleground for this election's candidates.

It seems logical for candidates who lack the machinery or the numbers -- or both -- to use the Internet for their campaign. Blogs in particular are free, easy to maintain and update, and accessible even to Filipinos outside the country. Perhaps more importantly, they cater to a new audience, the informed citizenry, the online activists who are engaged and empowered to make changes.

Kapatiran senatorial candidate Martin Bautista for one, a virtual unknown, maintains a blog called On My Way Home. It begins with a blog post titled "My First Blog Post" on 18 January 2006, and is updated regularly. What makes this blog noteworthy is that it is true to the nature of blogs. It is a faithful chronicle of Bautista's journey back to the Philippines, including his personal insights, hopes, doubts, and misgivings. One can picture Bautista blogging away at his computer at the end of a long day, despite his busy schedule.

Contrast this with the blog of another senatorial candidate, Tessie Aquino-Oreta of Team Unity. Unlike Bautista's blog, Oreta's blog's title, Tessie sa Senado! says it all. But again, unlike Bautista's blog, which is religiously maintained, Oreta's contains only one post, entitled "Why blog? Why education?" dated 28 March 2007. On the other hand, it looks and feels suspiciously like the blog of Tito Sotto, another Team Unity candidate, entitled Tito Sotto sa Senado! and containing only one blog post, from around the same time.

I have yet to see the other candidates' blogs, but this is just an example. If one were to vote based on blogs alone, Bautista would win, hands down. On the other hand, Oreta and Sotto can certainly afford not to have a blog, as they both have the resources for a full-blown, tri-media campaign. But only one post?

This makes me wonder what the Comelec says on the use of blogs for the campaign. If there are no restrictions on this as yet, it would be interesting to see how this year's elections might change that.

blogging history

While the Sydney Morning Herald counted 10 years of blogging yesterday (click here for the story), the real score -- according to New York Magazine -- is 13.

The magazine's timeline of the history of blogging names Justin Hall's links.net as the first blog ever published. The year: 1994.

But ironically, Hall -- the man hailed by the New York Times Magazine as "the founding father of personal blogging" -- said goodbye to blogging in 2005. (Read the whole tearful story here.)

Today, Technorati counts 71 million blogs. For all the junk that is actually out there, there are good blogs, those that are useful and worth reading.

Blogs. Hard to imagine life without 'em.

more notes

Though the semester is officially ending, this blog will continue. Or at least try to.

Thanks to Stephen Quinn for the encouragement. If not for the Convergent Journ course and the required blogging, I would not have become comfortable enough with the medium.

blogging gone global

In case the power of blogging hasn’t sunk in yet, or if you’re one of those in denial, check out Global Voices Online.

Here are some excerpts from a case study I did:

Global Voices Online (www.globalvoicesonline.org) is a “citizens’ media” project (Global Voices Online, 2006) that networks bloggers from some 160 countries around the world. Existing purely online, it makes use of a blog and other Internet technologies to enable interaction and discussion among bloggers. Most of the bloggers are from or in countries underreported by mainstream media -- i.e. countries outside North America and parts of Europe.

The project took off from a meeting of bloggers entitled “Global Voices Online: Blogging for Independent Journalists, Concerned Citizens, and Activists,” which was part of a conference called “Internet and Society 2004: Votes, Bits, and Bytes,” held in December 2004 and sponsored by the Berkman Center for Internet and Society at the Harvard Law School. The meeting was organized by technologist Dr. Ethan Zuckerman and former CNN correspondent Rebecca MacKinnon, both research fellows at the Berkman Center.

A manifesto states the project’s core beliefs and values -- the commitment to free speech, and aims to use the power of citizens’ media in addressing the needs of people and societies marginalized or even disenfranchised by mainstream media. (Global Voices Manifesto, 2005) The Global Voices “About” page lists the following goals:

1. to call attention to the most interesting conversations and perspectives emerging from citizens’ media around the world by linking to text, audio, and video blogs and other forms of grassroots citizens’ media being produced by people around the world;


2. to facilitate the emergence of new citizens’ voices through training, online tutorials, and publicizing the ways in which open-source and free tools can be used safely by people around the world to express themselves; and


3. to advocate for freedom of expression around the world and to protect the rights of citizen journalists to report on events and opinions without fear of censorship or persecution.

With the estimated one million visitors the site receives monthly, many of them reporters and editors from the mainstream media, Global Voices has truly created a global blogging community. Aside from this, it has helped call attention to the parts of the world that have been underreported or marginazlied in traditional/mainstream media.

ever changing, ever constant

For years, journalists have been in control of what the news is, and when and how the public gets it. Now, they are learning -- they have to, anyway -- that they do not have a monopoly on this.

Not everyone who blogs/moblogs is a reporter or a journalist -- or wants to be -- but bloggers/mobloggers have speed, access to sources, and low-cost, portable technology on their side. Journalists will benefit from these tools with reduced production times. More importantly, blogs/moblogs are adding a new dimension to journalism, in the form of “user-generated content.” This opens the way for a two-way flow of news, which gives journalists a new source of news and information.

It makes no sense for journalists to be in competition with bloggers or mobloggers. Nor must they become complacent and leave all the work to the blogging/moblogging public. It is important to harness the potential of blogs/moblogs in newsgathering. But more than ever, journalists must be able to make sense of all the information out there, fact-checking, framing stories, and providing context -- skills that are necessary regardless of medium. They will have to separate the chaff from the grain.

As Howard Rheingold writes in “Moblogs Seen as a Crystal Ball for a New Era in Online Journalism:”

“… the most important remaining ingredient of a truly democratized electronic newsgathering is neither a kind of hardware nor a variety of software, but a species of literacy—widespread knowledge of how to use these tools to produce news stories that are attention-getting, non-trivial, and credible.

Journalism, if it to deserve the name,… is about the journalist’s intuition, integrity, courage, inquisitiveness, analytic and expressive capabilities, and above all, the trust the journalist has earned among readers.”

Journalists must continue to exercise their conscience in their work. Ethical standards must never be compromised by speed and technology. There is nothing wrong with speed -- but “instant” should not mean “reckless.” The ability to produce instant news must be balanced by sound judgment calls.

Blogging/moblogging will continue to change the way journalists work. Nevertheless, much will remain the same.

virtually free

Recently, I was chatting with a Burmese journalist in exile who works with an online Burmese news site and monitors the country’s blogosphere. A study he did just last week revealed that there are not more than 200 Burmese bloggers. Of these, only about 10 admitted to blogging from Burma. Of all Burmese blogs, less than 10 percent have political content.

According to him, the junta does not censor the blogs of those from outside Burma. Still, all bloggers -- political and otherwise -- hide their identities and take great care to go under the radar, so to speak. Censorship of the Internet in Burma is strictly and successfully accomplished, so much so that Reporters sans frontieres has included Burma in its list of 13 “enemies of the Internet” and has declared its Internet policies to be “even more repressive” than those of China and Vietnam.

Perhaps Internet restrictions have resulted in the small number of Burmese bloggers. But blogging does not necessarily indicate a free press. Take China as an example. Despite its estimated 17 million bloggers (and more than 10,000 newspapers and magazines, and 600 radio and TV stations), control of the media is still strong. Web and blog sites are either blocked or forced to shut down.

Imprisonment is another form of censure. In Burma and China, as in other countries with limited freedom of the press, any journalist working in any medium can be thrown in prison. But bloggers can be seen as a bigger threat because they work in a medium with the fastest publishing time and the widest reach. RSF maintains a list those journalists and other individuals who have been imprisoned for their Internet activities, including blogging -- 59 at last count, 50 of whom are Chinese. Some of them have been in jail since 1999.

In places where the traditional media are not free, blogging is journalism. But until bloggers can successfully evade a clampdown, they are only virtually free.